Marriage in English Translation of "Xiangzi"

"Xiangzi," or "Rickshaw Boy" in English, is a novel written by Lao She that is widely regarded as a classic in Chinese literature. It tells the story of a poor rickshaw puller named Xiangzi and his struggles to improve his life in early 20th century Beijing. Despite the novel's focus on social and economic hardship, it also provides insight into the themes of love and marriage.

Xiangzi's early romantic interests are focused on his boss's daughter Hua, with whom he becomes infatuated. However, Hua's affluent family makes it clear that they would never allow their daughter to marry a mere rickshaw puller like Xiangzi. Despite this, Xiangzi remains devoted to Hua and tries to prove himself worthy of her through hard work and determination.

Eventually, Xiangzi meets a woman named Xiaoxiangzi who becomes his wife. Xiaoxiangzi is herself a victim of society's oppression, having been sold into slavery at a young age. However, she proves to be a strong and resourceful partner for Xiangzi. Together, they work hard to build a life for themselves and make the best of their situation.

The novel also raises questions about the traditional institution of marriage. Xiangzi and Xiaoxiangzi's relationship is not formalized through a legal marriage ceremony. Instead, they simply begin living together and consider themselves married. This unconventional arrangement is partly due to the fact that their social status makes it difficult for them to legally marry, but it also reflects a broader social shift away from traditional marriage practices.

Throughout the novel, Lao She subtly critiques the idea that marriage is a necessary or desirable aspect of life. Xiangzi's sister, for example, is stuck in an unhappy marriage that was arranged against her will. Xiangzi himself is wary of the responsibilities that come with marriage, and initially resists Xiaoxiangzi's advances. However, as their relationship develops, he comes to appreciate the ways in which Xiaoxiangzi complements and supports him.

Overall, "Xiangzi" provides a nuanced exploration of love, marriage, and social status in early 20th century China. Through the characters of Xiangzi and Xiaoxiangzi, Lao She presents an alternative vision of marriage that emphasizes partnership and mutual support rather than rigid social expectations. Despite the novel's tragic ending, Xiangzi and Xiaoxiangzi's relationship stands as a testament to the enduring power of love and human connection.